The article examines a number of theoretical and conceptual aspects that determine the innovativeness of the concept of the “Catalog” we are developing. Its full name is: “Catalog of Yiddish Set Expressions of the Jews of the Republic of Moldova: Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Aspect of the Noetic System of Concepts”. The innovativeness of its concept is due to the need to implement an existentially relevant (noetic) approach to the intangible cultural heritage (ICH), which are the existentially significant Yiddish set expressions of the Jews of the Republic of Moldova. The concept of the “Catalog” is based on: (1) Clifford Geertz’s idea of noetic experience; (2) the noetic system of concepts we have developed based on the works of many outstanding researchers (the noetic approach is its component). The necessity of this approach is due to one of the main goals of the “Catalog”: to implement the safeguarding of these Yiddish set expressions as intangible cultural heritage. (Based on UNESCO experience, the main idea of ICH safeguarding consists in its actualization taking into account its specifics). The essence of the “Catalog” concept is examined; its application is demonstrated using specific examples.