Spain is one of the European countries where global cultural and ideological transformation - distinctive for the late 20th-early 21st century - has been particularly profound and radical. This led in Spain to the coexistence and confrontation of two different systems of values: the “old”, associated with the usual ideological tenets and the “new” one, liberal and focused on “political correctness”, “tolerance”, “feminism”, etc. The author considers a number of traditional folk festivals in modern Spain from the point of view of different specific situations of the value-ideological confrontation, with its course, results and possible prospects.