The problems of effective use of secondary resources, as well as the overall problem of managing them at the level of the national economy in the context of separate sectors and enterprises remain relevant for countries with transition economy for more than a quarter of a century. However, in the context of management situations modeling, including those with regard to more efficient use of secondary resources, the issue, mentioned above, requires further actualization and its solutions. The article discloses an ecological approach to the study of socio-economic relations, in particular to the manufacturing processes. It is shown that the scale of use of the environment and the structure of the industrial production established in Ukraine placed it among the countries with the highest absolute and specific indicators of formation and accumulation of toxic waste; a situation with them remains critical today. As a tool for issues optimization associated with the secondary resources and waste, the industry model is considered, in which the criterion of an optimality is the maximum excess of the economic result over the costs for the use of secondary raw materials and the elimination of social, ecological and economic damage due to waste generation. It is proved that the protection of the environment and public health from the negative impact of waste is an urgent task and a priority principle of the policy on the way of sustainable development of the state. The socioecological modification of economic-mathematical model of secondary resources management is proposed: environmental effect is represented as the value of prevented damage from environmental waste pollution; social effect is represented as the sum of the effects from improving the utilization of the labor force due to the reduced morbidity from social insurance savings and reduction of costs in healthcare.