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International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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A New Structural Model of Apolipoprotein B100 Based on Computational Modeling and Cross Linking

Authors: Kianoush Jeiran; Scott M. Gordon; Denis O. Sviridov; Angel M. Aponte; Amanda Haymond; Grzegorz Piszczek; Diego Lucero; +5 Authors

A New Structural Model of Apolipoprotein B100 Based on Computational Modeling and Cross Linking

Abstract

ApoB-100 is a member of a large lipid transfer protein superfamily and is one of the main apolipoproteins found on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles. Despite its clinical significance for the development of cardiovascular disease, there is limited information on apoB-100 structure. We have developed a novel method based on the “divide and conquer” algorithm, using PSIPRED software, by dividing apoB-100 into five subunits and 11 domains. Models of each domain were prepared using I-TASSER, DEMO, RoseTTAFold, Phyre2, and MODELLER. Subsequently, we used disuccinimidyl sulfoxide (DSSO), a new mass spectrometry cleavable cross-linker, and the known position of disulfide bonds to experimentally validate each model. We obtained 65 unique DSSO cross-links, of which 87.5% were within a 26 Å threshold in the final model. We also evaluated the positions of cysteine residues involved in the eight known disulfide bonds in apoB-100, and each pair was measured within the expected 5.6 Å constraint. Finally, multiple domains were combined by applying constraints based on detected long-range DSSO cross-links to generate five subunits, which were subsequently merged to achieve an uninterrupted architecture for apoB-100 around a lipoprotein particle. Moreover, the dynamics of apoB-100 during particle size transitions was examined by comparing VLDL and LDL computational models and using experimental cross-linking data. In addition, the proposed model of receptor ligand binding of apoB-100 provides new insights into some of its functions.

Keywords

Lipoproteins, VLDL, Ligands, Article, Lipoproteins, LDL, Models, Structural, Sulfoxides, Apolipoprotein B-100, Computer Simulation, Cysteine, Disulfides, apolipoprotein B100; very low-density lipoprotein; LDL receptor ligand; lipovitellin; homology modeling; DSSO cross-linker; cardiovascular disease; ITASSER; divide and conquer algorithm, Apolipoproteins B

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
16
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold