This study was undertaken to investigate and document the floristic diversity of the Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta (FUNAAB) main campus with a view to assess the numbers of plant species and the areas where they are found. Different vascular plants were enumerated through line transect sampling methods and direct on-site field observations. In all taxa studied, there were 269 documented vascular plant species from 215 genera and 72 families, including 84 herbs (31.23%), 83 trees (30.85%), 61 shrubs (22.68%), 19 vines (7.06%), 13 lianas (4.83%), 5 geophytes (1.86%) and 4 epiphytic plants (1.49%). The most diverse of the 72 identified families were Fabaceae (34 species), Euphorbiaceae (21 species), Malvaceae (19 species), Asteraceae (16 species) and Poaceae (12 species). Of the 269 plant species studied, 97.03% were angiosperms, 1.11% were gymnosperms and 1.86% were Pteridophytes. Native species outnumbered exotic species, indicating that native species are more likely to establish in disturbed areas than cultivated and exotic species. Anthropogenic activities have greatly altered the vegetation of FUNAAB campus. The floristic diversity can be improved by controlling the indiscriminate felling of plant taxa and other anthropogenic activities that can result in the depletion of the vegetation. Given the current rate of infrastructure development in the study area, adequate steps should be taken to protect the biodiversity, particularly plants that are available on campus in order to prevent extinction and preserve the environment. Autecological research, afforestation, seed- collection and avoidance of plant harvest are all encouraged. The unsustainable utilization of the flora should be discouraged.