The article presents a description of the main puncture and drainage interventions, indicating the method of their implementation, techniques, materials used for their implementation. The own experience of application of the specified minimally invasive interventions in the treatment of a syndrome of mechanical jaundice of benign and malignant genesis, acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis and its complications, hepatic abscesses, limited liquid accumulations of an abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space is described. The advantages and disadvantages are noted, a comparative assessment is made and recommendations are given for the use of different puncture and drainage interventions depending on the type of pathology in which they are used.