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Big Earth data processing using machine learning for integrated mapping of the dead sea fault, Jordan

Authors: Lemenkova, Polina;

Big Earth data processing using machine learning for integrated mapping of the dead sea fault, Jordan

Abstract

In this research, an integrated framework on the big Earth data analysis has been developed in the context of the geomorphology of Jordan. The research explores the correlation between several thematic datasets, including machine learning and multidisciplinary geospatial data. GIS mapping is widely used in geological mapping as the most adequate technical tool for data visualization and analysis. GIS applications encourage geological prospective modeling by visualizing data aimed at the prognosis of mineral resources. However, automatization using machine learning for big Earth data processing provides the speed and accurate processing of multisource massive datasets. This is enabled by the application of scripting and programming in cartographic techniques. This study presents the combined machine learning methods of cartographic analysis and big Earth data modeling. The objective is to analyze a correlation between the factors affecting the geomorphological shape of Jordan with respects to the Dead Sea Fault and geological evolution. The technical methodology includes the following three independent tools: 1) Generic Mapping Tools (GMT); 2) Selected libraries of R programming language; 3) QGIS. Specifically, the GMT scripting program was used for topographic, seismic and geophysical mapping, while QGIS was used for geologic mapping and R language for geomorphometric modeling. Accordingly, the workflow is logically structured through these three technical tools, representing different cartographic approaches for data processing. Data and materials include multisource datasets of the various resolution, spatial extent, origin and formats. The results presented cartographic layouts of qualitative and quantitative maps with statistical summaries (histograms). The novelty of this approach is explained by the need to close a technical gap between the traditional GIS and scripting mapping, which is wider for big data mapping and where the crucial factors are speed and precision of data handling, as well as effective visualization achieved by the machine graphics. The paper analyzes the underlying geologic processes affecting the formation of geomorphological landforms in Jordan with a 3D visualization of the selected fragment of the Dead Sea Fault zone. The research presents an extended description in methodology, including the explanations of code snippets from the GMT modules and examples of the use of R libraries ‘raster’ and ‘tmap’. The results revealed strong correlation between the geological and geophysical settings which affect geomorphological patterns. Integrated study of the geomorphology of Jordan was based on multisource datasets processed by scripting. A thorough analysis presented regional correlations between the geomorphological, geological and tectonic settings in Jordan. The paper contributed both to the development of cartographic engineering by introducing scripting techniques and to the regional studies of Jordan including the Dead Sea Fault as a special region of Jordan. The results include 12 new thematic maps including a 3D model.

Countries
Austria, Belgium, Italy
Keywords

Q40, [SDE] Environmental Sciences, 3D model, Q42, Renewable Resources and Conservation: Forestry, [SDU.STU.GM] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, Renewable Resources and Conservation: Water, data analysis, [INFO.INFO-GR] Computer Science [cs]/Graphics [cs.GR], Kartographie, Q49, [INFO.INFO-DS] Computer Science [cs]/Data Structures and Algorithms [cs.DS], computer science, programming language, NA1-9428, geography, Geologie, big data, Architecture, Géographie physique, data visualization, Dead Sea Fault, QH540-549.5, Géodésie, GMT, Energy, mittlere Greenwich-Zeit, Ecology, machine learnin, geophysics, Energy: Other, maschinelles Lernen, Forestry, big data, cartography, Dead Sea Fault, geology, geophysics, GMT, Jordan, machine learning, QGIS, topography, geofizika, geologija, GMT, Jordan, kartografija, mašinsko učenje, Mrtvo more, QGIS, topografija, veliki podaci, Y91, [INFO.INFO-IA] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Aided Engineering, [SDU.ENVI] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Sciences de la terre et du cosmos, machine learning, Jordanien, [SDU.STU.GP] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], [SDE.IE] Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, QGIS, Sciences exactes et naturelles, Géodynamique et tectonique, Project Analysis, Systèmes d'information géographique, geology, Earth science, O22, Computer Programs: Other Computer Software, Verwerfung am Toten Meer, Topographie, [SDU.STU.TE] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, Große Daten, Environment, [INFO] Computer Science [cs], Sciences de l'ingénieur, Q23, Q25, Energy: General, Géodésie appliquée topographie [géodésie], topography, Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology, Geophysik, cartography, Géologie, Géomorphologie et orographie, Alternative Energy Sources, Jordan, Cartographie, Pictures and Maps, P18, [INFO.INFO-LG] Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], SD1-669.5, [INFO.INFO-PL] Computer Science [cs]/Programming Languages [cs.PL], Computer Programs: Other, [SDU.STU.AG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Applied geology, [SDU.STU] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, C88, Gravimétrie, C89

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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