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American Journal of Veterinary Research
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY NC
Data sources: Crossref
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Feasibility of ultrasound-guided cervical intervertebral disc injection to aid in intraoperative site identification in dog cadavers

Authors: Ficheroulle, Jérémie; Picavet, Pierre; Gommeren, Kris; Monseur, Justine; Bolen, Géraldine;

Feasibility of ultrasound-guided cervical intervertebral disc injection to aid in intraoperative site identification in dog cadavers

Abstract

Abstract OBJECTIVE To study the feasibility of ultrasound-guided intervertebral disc (IVD) injection of contrast medium and methylene blue to aid in intraoperative identification of cervical IVD spaces in dogs. METHODS This was a single-center experimental cadaver study using randomly chosen skeletally mature dog cadavers from January 2, 2023, to March 23, 2023. For each cadaver, 1 cervical IVD was randomly selected. The ventral cervical region was ultrasonographically examined, pushing the trachea leftwards. A 50/50 contrast medium (iohexol, 300 mgI/mL) and methylene blue mixture was injected under ultrasound guidance in the IVD and ventral soft tissues. The x-rays and CT scans were performed before and after injection. Each cadaver was dissected using a ventral slot procedure. The cadavers and IVD characteristics, the success rate in ultrasonographically identifying the correct IVD space, time to injection, most caudal IVD space feasibly injectable, and semiquantitative imaging and surgical scores were recorded. RESULTS 20 canine cadavers were used. The IVD injections were successfully performed in the correct IVD space in all cadavers. The median time to injection was 3.95 minutes (Q1 to Q3, 3.22 to 5.88 minutes). The contrast medium was clearly visible on at least 1 radiographic projection in all but 1 case and on the CT in all cases. During surgical dissection, the dye was clearly visible in all but 1 case. The dogs’ weight was significantly different between most caudal IVD spaces feasibly injectable. CONCLUSIONS Ultrasonographical cervical IVD space identification and mixture injection are feasible and might help intraoperative cervical IVD space identification in dogs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This technique could be used presurgically in patients with cervical IVD diseases.

Related Organizations
Keywords

Cervical Vertebrae/surgery, Male, Iohexol/administration & dosage, Iohexol, Ultrasonography, Interventional/methods, Ultrasonography, Interventional/veterinary, Contrast Media, Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging, guidance system, Veterinary medicine & animal health, Dogs, Cadaver, Intervertebral Disc/diagnostic imaging, Animals, Contrast Media/administration & dosage, Intervertebral Disc, cervical intervertebral disc, Ultrasonography, Interventional, ultrasound, Life sciences, Médecine vétérinaire & santé animale, Methylene Blue, injection, Intervertebral Disc/surgery, dog, Sciences du vivant, Cervical Vertebrae, Feasibility Studies, Female, Methylene Blue/administration & dosage

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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