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Inclusion bodies (IBs) are protein-based nanoparticles formed in Escherichia coli through stereospecific aggregation processes during the overexpression of recombinant proteins. In the last years, it has been shown that IBs can be used as nanostructured biomaterials to stimulate mammalian cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. In addition, these nanoparticles have also been explored as natural delivery systems for protein replacement therapies. Although the production of these protein-based nanomaterials in E. coli is economically viable, important safety concerns related to the presence of endotoxins in the products derived from this microorganism need to be addressed. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a group of food-grade microorganisms that have been classified as safe by biologically regulatory agencies. In this context, we have demonstrated herein, for the first time, the production of fully functional, IB-like protein nanoparticles in LAB. These nanoparticles have been fully characterized using a wide range of techniques, including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, zymography, cytometry, confocal microscopy, and wettability and cell coverage measurements. Our results allow us to conclude that these materials share the main physico-chemical characteristics with IBs from E. coli and moreover are devoid of any harmful endotoxin contaminant. These findings reveal a new platform for the production of protein-based safe products with high pharmaceutical interest.The development of both natural and synthetic biomaterials for biomedical applications is a field in constant development. In this context, E. coli is a bacteria that has been widely studied for its ability to naturally produce functional biomaterials with broad biomedical uses. Despite being effective, products derived from this species contain membrane residues able to trigger a non-desired immunogenic responses. Accordingly, exploring alternative bacteria able to synthesize such biomaterials in a safe molecular environment is becoming a challenge. Thus, the present study describes a new type of functional protein-based nanomaterial free of toxic contaminants with a wide range of applications in both human and veterinary medicine.
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística::Estadística aplicada::Estadística biosanitària, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística::Probabilitat, Time Factors, Static Electricity, :92 Biology and other natural sciences::92D Genetics and population dynamics [Classificació AMS], :Matemàtiques i estadística::Matemàtica discreta::Combinatòria [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Numerical analysis--Simulation methods, :60 Probability theory and stochastic processes::60C05 Combinatorial probability [Classificació AMS], Functional nanomaterials, GRAS, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Genetics, Lactic acid bacteria, :Matemàtiques i estadística::Probabilitat [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Escherichia coli, Humans, :65 Numerical analysis::65C Probabilistic methods, simulation and stochastic differential equations [Classificació AMS], Particle Size, Endotoxin-free; Functional nanomaterials; GRAS; Lactic acid bacteria; Nanoparticles;, Anàlisi numèrica, :Matemàtiques i estadística::Estadística aplicada::Estadística biosanitària [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], simulation and stochastic differential equations, Classificació AMS::60 Probability theory and stochastic processes::60C05 Combinatorial probability, Classificació AMS::65 Numerical analysis::65C Probabilistic methods, simulation and stochastic differential equations, Recombinant Proteins, Nanostructures, Lactobacillus, Endotoxin-free; Functional nanomaterials; GRAS; Lactic acid bacteria; Nanoparticles; Biotechnology; Biochemistry; Biomaterials; Biomedical Engineering; Molecular Biology, Classificació AMS::92 Biology and other natural sciences::92D Genetics and population dynamics, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística::Matemàtica discreta::Combinatòria, Endotoxin-free, Combinatorial probabilities, Classificació AMS::65 Numerical analysis::65C Probabilistic methods, Nanoparticles, Probabilitats, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions, Genètica, Biotechnology, HeLa Cells
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística::Estadística aplicada::Estadística biosanitària, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística::Probabilitat, Time Factors, Static Electricity, :92 Biology and other natural sciences::92D Genetics and population dynamics [Classificació AMS], :Matemàtiques i estadística::Matemàtica discreta::Combinatòria [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Numerical analysis--Simulation methods, :60 Probability theory and stochastic processes::60C05 Combinatorial probability [Classificació AMS], Functional nanomaterials, GRAS, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared, Genetics, Lactic acid bacteria, :Matemàtiques i estadística::Probabilitat [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Escherichia coli, Humans, :65 Numerical analysis::65C Probabilistic methods, simulation and stochastic differential equations [Classificació AMS], Particle Size, Endotoxin-free; Functional nanomaterials; GRAS; Lactic acid bacteria; Nanoparticles;, Anàlisi numèrica, :Matemàtiques i estadística::Estadística aplicada::Estadística biosanitària [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], simulation and stochastic differential equations, Classificació AMS::60 Probability theory and stochastic processes::60C05 Combinatorial probability, Classificació AMS::65 Numerical analysis::65C Probabilistic methods, simulation and stochastic differential equations, Recombinant Proteins, Nanostructures, Lactobacillus, Endotoxin-free; Functional nanomaterials; GRAS; Lactic acid bacteria; Nanoparticles; Biotechnology; Biochemistry; Biomaterials; Biomedical Engineering; Molecular Biology, Classificació AMS::92 Biology and other natural sciences::92D Genetics and population dynamics, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística::Matemàtica discreta::Combinatòria, Endotoxin-free, Combinatorial probabilities, Classificació AMS::65 Numerical analysis::65C Probabilistic methods, Nanoparticles, Probabilitats, Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions, Genètica, Biotechnology, HeLa Cells
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