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Acta Universitatis Lodziensis: Folia Litteraria Rossica
Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY NC ND
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Четыре пути к достижению свободы. О героях русской литературы

Authors: Wasilij Szczukin;

Четыре пути к достижению свободы. О героях русской литературы

Abstract

Статья содержит критику неолиберальной концепции позитивной свободы. Автор предлагает свое понимание идеала свободы, в основу которого положены не экономические, ной необходимости, по мнению автора, неприемлемo для современного человека. Трудно не согласиться с мнением Достоевского о том, что не выбор пользы и добра, а обязательность этого выбора лишает человека того ни с чем не сравнимого чувства свободы (Записки из подполья). Не только дух святой, но и дух человеческий веет где хочет, а не только там, где ему «необходимо» или предписано веять. Нельзя также не учитывать возможность самопроизвольного запуска непредсказуемых механизмов природы и культуры, о которых писал Юрий Лотман в книге Непредсказуемые механизмы культуры. Автор статьи выделяет четыре разновидности позитивной свободы, которые нашли свое выражение в образах некоторых героев русской литературы. Это жизнь скитская, описанная в сочинениях Нила Сорского и других русских исихастов, карамазовщина, обломовщина и, наконец, «тайная» духовная свобода. Автор выражает симпатию к последней концепции позитивной свободы, несовместимой как с анархическим произволом, так и со «благословенной» пассивностью.

Keywords

свобода, Language and Literature, P, skete life, «тайная» духовная свобода, русская литература, Fedor Karamazov’s mode of life, скитская жизнь, freedom, обломовщина, Ilya Oblomov’s mode of life and “secret” spiritual freedom, карамазовщина, Russian literature

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
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