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Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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Phonocardiogram Classification Based on 1D CNN with Pitch-Shifting and Signal Uniformity Techniques

Authors: Ahmad, Zafar; Khan, Muhammad Salman; Chowdhury, Muhammad E.H.; Zughaier, Susu; Ibrahim, Wanis Hamad;

Phonocardiogram Classification Based on 1D CNN with Pitch-Shifting and Signal Uniformity Techniques

Abstract

This study combines 1D CNN with advanced signal processing to enhance heart sound classification, presenting three key contributions. Initially, we used a pitch-shifting technique to expand the dataset by altering high-frequency components precisely, ensuring the preservation of vital information. Next, a signal normalization technique is deployed, equalizing signal lengths for uniform analysis across all samples. Utilizing 1D CNN and Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) for feature extraction, our approach achieves notable classification accuracy, with results showing up to 99.57% accuracy, 99.80% specificity, 99.22% sensitivity, and a 99.22% F1 score. These developments not only advance the precision of heart sound classifications but also expand the potential for wider clinical applications, establishing a new benchmark in tele auscultation. This work is supported by Qatar University QUHI-CENG-23/24-216. The findings achieved herein are solely the responsibility of the authors. Scopus

Keywords

Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients, heart sound classification, Tele-Auscultation, Pitch-shifting, 1D CNN

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green