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You Can’t Trust Your Tag Neither: Privacy Leaks and Potential Legal Violations within the Google Tag Manager

Privacy Leaks and Potential Legal Violations within the Google Tag Manager
Authors: Mertens, Gilles; Bielova, Nataliia; Roca, Vincent; Santos, Cristiana;

You Can’t Trust Your Tag Neither: Privacy Leaks and Potential Legal Violations within the Google Tag Manager

Abstract

Tag Management Systems were developed in order to support website publishers in installing multiple third-party JavaScript scripts (Tags) on their websites. Google developed its own TMS called ``Google Tag Manager'' (GTM) that is currently present on 42\% of the top 1 million most popular websites. However, GTM has not yet been thoroughly evaluated by the academic research community. In this work, we study, for the first time, the Tags provided within the GTM system. We propose a new methodology called ``detecting privacy leaks in isolation'' and apply it to multiple Tags to analyse the types of data that Tags collect and contrast them to the legal and technical documentation, in collaboration with a legal expert. Across three studies - in-depth analysis of 6 Tags, automated analysis of 718 Tags, and analysis of Google ``Consent Mode'' - we discover multiple hidden data leaks, incomplete and diverging declarations, undisclosed third-parties and cookies, personal data sharing without consent and we further identify potential legal violations within EU Data Protection law.

Keywords

FOS: Computer and information sciences, GDPR compliance, online tracking, [INFO.INFO-WB] Computer Science [cs]/Web, GTM, Cryptography and Security, consent, [INFO] Computer Science [cs], privacy, Google Tag Manager, Cryptography and Security (cs.CR), website Publishers

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green