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The power of combined modalities in interactive robot learning

Authors: Beierling, Helen; Beierling, Robin; Vollmer, Anna-Lisa;

The power of combined modalities in interactive robot learning

Abstract

With the continuous advancement of Artificial intelligence (AI), robots as embodied intelligent systems are increasingly becoming more present in daily life like households or in elderly care. As a result, lay users are required to interact with these systems more frequently and teach them to meet individual needs. Human-in-the-loop reinforcement learning (HIL-RL) offers an effective way to realize this teaching. Studies show that various feedback modalities, such as preference, guidance, or demonstration can significantly enhance learning success, though their suitability varies among users expertise in robotics. Research also indicates that users apply different scaffolding strategies when teaching a robot, such as motivating it to explore actions that promise success. Thus, providing a collection of different feedback modalities allows users to choose the method that best suits their teaching strategy, and allows the system to individually support the user based on their interaction behavior. However, most state-of-the-art approaches provide users with only one feedback modality at a time. Investigating combined feedback modalities in interactive robot learning remains an open challenge. To address this, we conducted a study that combined common feedback modalities. Our research questions focused on whether these combinations improve learning outcomes, reveal user preferences, show differences in perceived effectiveness, and identify which modalities influence learning the most. The results show that combining the feedback modalities improves learning, with users perceiving the effectiveness of the modalities vary ways, and certain modalities directly impacting learning success. The study demonstrates that combining feedback modalities can support learning even in a simplified setting and suggests the potential for broader applicability, especially in robot learning scenarios with a focus on user interaction. Thus, this paper aims to motivate the use of combined feedback modalities in interactive imitation learning.

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Keywords

Robotics and AI, reinforcement learning, multi-modal feedback, preference-based learning, interactive robot learning, 610, learning from demonstration, QA75.5-76.95, human-robot interaction, scaffolding in robot learning, human-in-the-loop learning, Electronic computers. Computer science, TJ1-1570, Mechanical engineering and machinery

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
gold