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https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/dg...
Other literature type . 2024
Data sources: Datacite
https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/px...
Other literature type . 2024
Data sources: Datacite
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Tri-specific killer engager: unleashing multi-synergic power against cancer

قاتل ثلاثي محدد: إطلاق العنان لقوة متعددة التآزر ضد السرطان
Authors: Peeranut Winidmanokul; Aussara Panya; Seiji Okada;

Tri-specific killer engager: unleashing multi-synergic power against cancer

Abstract

Cancer continues to be a global health concern, necessitating innovative solutions for treatment. Tri-specific killer engagers (TriKEs) have emerged as a promising class of immunotherapeutic agents, offering a multifaceted approach to cancer treatment. TriKEs simultaneously engage and activate natural killer (NK) cells while specifically targeting cancer cells, representing an outstanding advancement in immunotherapy. This review explores the generation and mechanisms of TriKEs, highlighting their advantages over other immunotherapies and discussing their potential impact on clinical trials and cancer treatment. TriKEs are composed of three distinct domains, primarily antibody-derived building blocks, linked together by short amino acid sequences. They incorporate critical elements, anti-cluster of differentiation 16 (CD16) and interleukin-15 (IL-15), which activate and enhance NK cell function, together with specific antibody to target each cancer. TriKEs exhibit remarkable potential in preclinical and early clinical studies across various cancer types, making them a versatile tool in cancer immunotherapy. Comparative analyses with other immunotherapies, such as chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), cytokine therapies, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), reveal the unique advantages of TriKEs. They offer a safer pathway for immunotherapy by targeting cancer cells without hyperactivating T cells, reducing off-target effects and complications. The future of TriKEs involves addressing challenges related to dosing, tumor-associated antigen (TAA) expression, and NK cell suppression. Researchers are exploring innovative dosing strategies, enhancing specificity through tumor-specific antigens (TSAs), and combining TriKEs with other therapies for increased efficacy.

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Keywords

Monoclonal antibody, Regulatory T Cell Development and Function, Immunology, NK Cell Development, Cancer immunotherapy, Cancer cell, Review, Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy, Cancer research, Health Sciences, cancer, Chimeric antigen receptor, NK Cell Activation, Internal medicine, Antibody, Cancer, Immunology and Microbiology, NK Cell Therapy, FOS: Clinical medicine, Life Sciences, CD8, natural killer cell, RC31-1245, CD3, tri-specific killer engager, Immune system, Oncology, Tumor microenvironment, Antigen, Medicine, immunotherapy, Immunotherapy, CD16, Natural Killer Cells in Immunity

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    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    4
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
4
Top 10%
Average
Average
Green
gold