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https://doi.org/10.30819/5670...
Book . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY NC ND
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Book . 2023
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https://dx.doi.org/10.25656/01...
Book . 2023
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Bedeutung und Förderung von Kompetenzen zum naturwissenschaftlichen Denken und Arbeiten in universitären Praktika

Authors: Ortmann, Julia;

Bedeutung und Förderung von Kompetenzen zum naturwissenschaftlichen Denken und Arbeiten in universitären Praktika

Abstract

In naturwissenschaftlichen Studiengängen sind Praktika ein wichtiger Lernort, an dem Studierende Kompetenzen aus dem Bereich der naturwissenschaftlichen Denk- und Arbeitsweisen (NDAW) aufbauen können, wie z.B. das Planen oder Auswerten von Untersuchungen. Bisher ist weitgehend unklar, welchen Stellenwert das Lernen von NDAW-Kompetenzen in Praktika einnimmt und inwiefern Gestaltungsmerkmale zur Förderung von NDAW-Kompetenzen in Praktika tatsächlich adressiert werden. Um empirisch fundierte Einblicke in die aktuelle Praxis naturwissenschaftlicher Praktika zu generieren, wurden die Relevanz von NDAW-Kompetenzen in Praktika sowie entsprechende Förderangebote in einem Fragebogen mit N=86 Lehrenden und N=399 Studierenden sowie einem weiterführenden Interview mit N=19 Lehrenden erfasst. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass NDAW-Kompetenzen ein relevantes Ziel von Praktika sind, es zwischen der Relevanz der Kompetenzen zur Vorbereitung von Untersuchungen und den Kompetenzen zur Durchführung, Auswertung und Dokumentation von Untersuchungen jedoch Unterschiede gibt. Diese Unterschiede spiegeln sich auch in den Gestaltungsmerkmalen zur Förderung der Kompetenzen wider. Darüber hinaus konnten leichte Unterschiede zwischen den Fächern und Praktikumszeitpunkten gefunden werden. Insgesamt deuten die Befunde der Arbeit darauf hin, dass die von Lehrenden intendierten Ziele von Praktika nicht immer vollständig zur Gestaltung dieser passen.

Keywords

bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general::GPS Research methods: general, Hochschulschrift, Naturwissenschaften, bic Book Industry Communication::Y Children's, Teenage & educational::YQ Educational material::YQS Educational: Sciences, general science, 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen, bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PD Science: general issues, thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDA Philosophy of science, Questionnaire survey, naturwissenschaftliche Denk- und Arbeitsweisen, Praktika, Academic studies, Germany, Fragebogenerhebung, thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education::JNF Educational strategies and policy, Online, bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNM Higher & further education, tertiary education, Dissertation, Competency, Naturwissenschaftliches Denken, Thesis, Physics, Empirische Untersuchung, Practical training, Förderung, Empirical study, Natural sciences, 370 Education, Kompetenz, Studium, thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general::GPS Research methods: general, Science, Scientific work, On line, thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education::JND Educational systems and structures::JNDG Curriculum planning and development, bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNF Educational strategies & policy, bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education, Gestaltung, Education, Practical work, bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PD Science: general issues::PDA Philosophy of science, bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics, bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNK Organization & management of education::JNKC Curriculum planning & development, Interview, Deutschland, Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten, thema EDItEUR::Y Children’s, Teenage and Educational::YP Educational material::YPM Educational: Mathematics, science and technology, general::YPMP Educational: Sciences, general science, Labor, thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues, thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education::JNM Higher education, tertiary education, Praktikum, FOS: Natural sciences

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    influence
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
hybrid