The article examines the features of the early F.W.J. Schelling’s approach tounderstanding subject basing on his work «System of transcendental idealism».The author focuses on the constitutive role of I. Kant’s transcendental ideal inthe making of Schelling’s concept, as well as its connection with ideal and realactivities. Further, he examines how Schelling correlates Kant’s transcendentalunity of apperception with these two activities, thereby revealing a closeconnection between subjectivity and unconsciousness.