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IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing
Article . 2011 . Peer-reviewed
License: IEEE Copyright
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A Comparative Analysis of Preprocessing Methods for the Parametric Loudspeaker Based on the Khokhlov–Zabolotskaya–Kuznetsov Equation for Speech Reproduction

Authors: Gan, Woon-Seng; Yang, Jun.; Ji, Peifeng.; Tan, Ee-Leng.;

A Comparative Analysis of Preprocessing Methods for the Parametric Loudspeaker Based on the Khokhlov–Zabolotskaya–Kuznetsov Equation for Speech Reproduction

Abstract

Based on the Berktay's farfield solution, various preprocessing methods were proposed to reduce the distortion of the highly directional audible signal in the parametric loudspeaker. However, the Berktay's farfield solution is an approximated model of nonlinear acoustic propagation. To determine the effectiveness of these methods, we analyze various preprocessing methods theoretically for directional speech reproduction using the Khokhlov-Zabolotskaya-Kuznetsov (KZK) equation, which provides a more accurate model of nonlinear acoustic propagation. In order to reduce the distortion effectively in the parametric loudspeaker with these preprocessing methods, the initial sound pressure level of the carrier frequency is found to be less than 132 dB according to the KZK equation. Unlike the Berktay' farfield solution that results in a +12 dB/octave gain slope, different gain slopes are derived using the KZK equation and appropriate equalizers are proposed to improve the frequency response of the parametric loudspeaker. The optimal preprocessing method for directional speech reproduction is established based on the KZK equation, which has a relatively flat frequency response of the desired speech signal and the best total harmonic distortion performance.

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Keywords

:Engineering::Electrical and electronic engineering::Electronic systems::Signal processing [DRNTU], DRNTU::Engineering::Electrical and electronic engineering::Electronic systems::Signal processing, 620

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
21
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
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bronze