Link to paper: Neurology, 2023 Authorship: Sivaniya Subramaniapillai, Louise S Schindler, Paul Redmond, Mark E Bastin, Joanne M Wardlaw, Maria C Valdés Hernández, Susana Muñoz Maniega, Benjamin Aribisala, Lars T Westlye, William Coath, James Groves, David M Cash, Josephine Barnes, Sarah-Naomi James, Carole H Sudre, Frederik Barkhof, Marcus Richards, Janie Corley, Tom C Russ, Simon R Cox, Jonathan M Schott, James H Cole, Ann-Marie G de Lange Primary datasets: Insight 46 Description: Insight 46 is a neuroscience sub-study of the MRC NSHD that explores how genetic and life course factors affect brain health, ageing, and dementia risk. It began in 2015 with 502 participants who underwent detailed clinical assessments, including brain imaging, cognitive testing, and biosampling, across two visits. In 2021, the study expanded to include more NSHD participants, and data collection is ongoing until 2026. By combining these in-depth clinical measures with lifelong data, the study offers a unique opportunity to investigate early indicators of dementia and the processes underlying healthy and abnormal brain ageing. Data documentation: NSHD Insight 46 Metadata Access: Access prerequisites | Insight 46 Topics Key references: Lane et al., 2017; Murray-Smith et al., 2024 Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 Description: The Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936) is a longitudinal study tracking cognitive aging from childhood into old age, beginning with participants who took part in the 1947 Scottish Mental Survey at age 11. It offers a rare nearly life-long dataset by following individuals born in 1936 and re-assessing them every three years from age 70 onward. The study collects comprehensive data, including cognitive tests, brain imaging, genetic information, and medical and lifestyle factors. Its main goal is to uncover what influences cognitive decline or resilience, focusing particularly on the roles of genetics, brain structure, and vascular health. The dataset is unique for its long-term scope and depth of biological and psychological data. Data documentation & access: LBC1936 Data Access Key references: Deary et al., 2007, 2012; Taylor et al., 2018; Wardlaw et al., 2011; Corley et al., 2018