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“Uzbek” Helmet of the 17th – the Beginning of the 19th Century from the Collection of the Russian Ethnographic Museum

«Узбекский» шлем XVII – начала XIX в. из собрания Российского этнографического музея
Authors: Bobrov L.; Sheremetev D.;

“Uzbek” Helmet of the 17th – the Beginning of the 19th Century from the Collection of the Russian Ethnographic Museum

Abstract

The article examines the riveted iron helmet (№8761-12918), stored in the funds of the Russian Ethnographic Museum (St. Petersburg). The headdress was purchased in one of the cities of Central Asia in 1892-1895 and entered the museum collection in 1948. The helmet was attributed by Soviet researchers as a product of Uzbek craftsmen. Until now, it has not been published and has not been the object of a special scientific study. The height of the helmet is 22.6 cm, the diameter is 23.1 cm. The hemispherical headband of the headdress is riveted from four segments, the joints of which are covered with relief pads. Additional fixatives of the plates of the headband are a hoop, a “box” visor and a combined pommel consisting of a funnel-shaped pendant and a sleeve tube for plume. The lining, the “shield” of the visor, the hoop and the top of the helmet are made of copper alloy, decorated with engraved vegetative-geometric patterns and colored inserts on the paste (corals, dark green glass). Initially, the headdress was equipped with a pair of ears’ and nape’s pads (now only the right ear pad is preserved). The typological analysis showed that the helmet was made in the territory of Central or Middle Asia in the 17th - early 19th century. It was most likely forged by gunsmiths of the Kazakh-Oirat borderlands of the 17th - the middle of the 18th century. At the same time, work on engraving and decorating with colored inserts of helmet elements could be performed by Central Asian craftsmen of the same historical period. According to another version, the helmet was made in the workshops of Maverannahr by order of a wealthy Oirat or Kazakh warrior.

В статье рассмотрен клепаный железный шлем (№8761–12918), хранящийся в фондах Российского этнографического музея (Санкт-Петербург). Наголовье было приобретено в одном из городов Средней Азии в 1892–1895 гг. и поступило в музейное собрание в 1948 г. Шлем был атрибутирован советскими исследователями как изделие узбекских мастеров. До настоящего времени он не публиковался и не становился объектом специального научного исследования. Высота шлема – 22,6 см, диаметр – 23,1 см. Полусферическая тулья наголовья склепана из четырех сегментов, стыки которых прикрыты рельефными накладками. Дополнительными фиксаторами пластин тульи являются обруч, «коробчатый» козырек и комбинированное навершие, состоящее из воронковидного подвершия и трубки-втулки для плюмажа. Накладки, «щиток» козырька, обруч и подвершие шлема выполнены из медного сплава, украшены гравированным растительно-геометрическим орнаментом и цветными вставками на пасту (кораллы, темно-зеленое стекло). Первоначально наголовье было снабжено парой наушей и назатыльником (в настоящее время сохранился только правый науш). Проведенный типологический анализ показал, что шлем был изготовлен на территории Центральной или Средней Азии в XVII – начале XIX в. Наиболее вероятно, что он был выкован оружейниками казахско-ойратского пограничья XVII – середины XVIII в. При этом работы по гравировке и украшению цветными вставками шлемовых элементов могли быть выполнены среднеазиатскими мастерами того же исторического периода. Согласно другой версии, шлем был изготовлен в мастерских Мавераннахра по заказу состоятельного ойратского или казахского воина.

Keywords

Kazakhs, Узбекистан, Central Asia, Oirats, Центральная Азия, helmet, шлем, защитное вооружение, protective weapons, Uzbekistan, Средняя Азия, ойраты, казахи

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
gold