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Forensic Science Medicine and Pathology
Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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Pediatric postmortem CT angiography: validation of vascular access for PMCT angiography in stillbirths, babies and toddlers

Authors: G. M. Bruch; P. Hofer; L. F. Ferraz da Silva; J. R. Pires-Davidson; G. A. Bento dos Santos; F. T. Fischer;

Pediatric postmortem CT angiography: validation of vascular access for PMCT angiography in stillbirths, babies and toddlers

Abstract

Abstract Purpose The use of angiography in postmortem CT angiography (PMCTA) has several advantages. In adults, femoral vascular access is well established. Due to the small and specific anatomy in fetuses and infants, the technique has to be adapted, especially regarding the vascular access. The aim of this study was to evaluate vascular access for pediatric PMCTA (pedPMCTA). Materials and Methods Ten pedPMCTAs were performed in stillbirths, babies, and one toddler. A femoral approach by cannulation of the femoral artery and vein, an umbilical approach by cannulation of the umbilical vessels, and an intraosseous approach by an intraosseous needle were evaluated by handling and resulting imaging. Results The insertion of a cannula with a size of 18–20 G in the femoral vessels was possible in babies. An umbilical access with peripheral venous cannulas with a size of 14–20 G was feasible in stillbirths and newborns. An intraosseous access is advisable as equal alternative to umbilical and in cases where a femoral access is not possible. The most significant problem with the vascular access is the extravasation of contrast media, but this can be reduced significantly with practice. Conclusion When performing pedPMCTA, an umbilical vascular access is recommended if an umbilical cord with open vessels is still present. Otherwise, a bone marrow access should be preferred in the presence of an arteriovenous shunt or if only the venous system needs to be shown. If that is not the case, the femoral access with the possibility to separate venous and arterial scan should be used.

Country
Germany
Keywords

Male, Umbilical Veins, Computed Tomography Angiography, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Contrast Media, Stillbirth, Femoral Vein, Femoral Artery, Intraosseous access ; Original Article ; Umbilical vascular access ; Femoral vascular access ; Pediatric postmortem angiography ; PMCTA, Child, Preschool, Catheterization, Peripheral, Humans, Original Article, Female, Autopsy

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
2
Average
Average
Average
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