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Binary Forward-Only Algorithms

Authors: Baichuan Huang; Amir Aminifar;

Binary Forward-Only Algorithms

Abstract

Today, the overwhelming majority of Internet of Things (IoT) and mobile edge devices have extreme resource limitations, e.g., in terms of computing, memory, and energy. As a result, training Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) using the complex Backpropagation (BP) algorithm on such edge devices presents a major challenge. Forward-only algorithms have emerged as more computation- and memory-efficient alternatives without the requirement for backward passes. In this paper, we investigate binarizing state-of-the-art forward-only algorithms, which are applied to the forward passes of PEPITA, FF, and CwComp. We evaluate these forward-only algorithms with binarization and demonstrate that weight-only binarization may be up to ~31× more efficient in terms of memory, with minor degradation in classification performance. Furthermore, we investigate and compare BP and forward-only algorithms in terms of binarization, finding that PEPITA and FF are more vulnerable to binary activations. The code is available at https://github.com/whubaichuan/BinaryFO.

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Computer Sciences

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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