The article studies the specifics of understanding biblical historicism in the Russian culture of the XIX century from the perspective of the Orthodox Christian worldview, notes the role of religion, the texts of Holy Scripture on the ideological and artistic dramaturgy of works. It is established that there is no general approach in social and humanitarian knowledge that would allow determining the forms and results of the reception of this phenomenon in art. The purpose of the article is to illustrate the thesis that in Russian culture biblical historicism follows from the perception of history as a drama of human relations with the Creator. The historical path of the sacred relationship between God and man is presented as a historical event about the exit of God to man and the ascent of man to God. The factors of formation of ideas about the Holy Scripture in Russia are considered. It is noted that the peculiarity of the situation was that the XIX century was a time of professionalization of historical research. However, it is during this period that the difference is determined.