The article analyzes the polemics of the Czech writer Jiří Weil (1900–1959) with the right wing Czech press of the 1920s regarding Russian Soviet literature. The subject of scientific examination is reports, reviews, critiques, literary critical notes published in volumes 1 and 3 of the 13-volume collected works of the writer, currently published in Prague. The ideological and thematic vectors of the above-mentioned polemics are revealed, Weil’s point of view in it is determined, consistently defending the aesthetic value and substantive originality of Soviet literature of the first post-revolutionary decade. A conclusion is made about the importance of Weil’s journalism for a more complete understanding of the literary, cultural and political relationships between Russia and the Czech Republic in the 1920s. All of Weil’s journalistic texts are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.