This paper aims to analyze and compare the system, content, and characteristics of the Korean Language Textbook for Grade 1 – Part 1 and the Korean Language Textbook. The Korean Language Textbook for Grade 1 – Part 1 was written by Park N.V., Hong Kim-pyo, and Kim, and was published by the Moscow Institute of Oriental Studies Press in 1932. In contrast, the Korean Language Textbook is a handwritten manuscript by Hwang Dong-min and Hwang Yun-jun. It was used in the Department of Korean Language at the Moscow Institute of Oriental Studies from 1948 to 1954, but was never formally published. Both textbooks, written before and after the liberation of Korea in Russia, are of significant historical importance and offer valuable insights from both linguistic and educational perspectives. This work was supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2022S1A5C2A02092184).