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Politiques et management public
Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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Pour une approche algorithmique de la nature protéiforme et fractale des instruments de l’action collective

Towards an algorithmic approach of the multifaceted and fractal nature of collective action instruments
Authors: Baïz, Adam; Nakhla, Michel;

Pour une approche algorithmique de la nature protéiforme et fractale des instruments de l’action collective

Abstract

À l’aune de la rationalisation de l’action publique et de l’exigence de transparence de la décision politique, l’analyse d’impact de la réglementation (A.I.R.) revêt une importance plus cruciale que jamais. Or la réglementation s’appuie sur des instruments de politique publique de plus en plus divers, intriqués et complexes : au-delà d’instruments standards tels que l’obligation, l’interdiction, la sensibilisation ou encore la taxe, émergent en effet de nombreux instruments qui mettent en interaction un nombre croissant d’acteurs selon des modalités d’influence variables et sur des échelles diverses. Il est indispensable d’expliciter les contours des instruments de politique publique, et de lever la confusion sémantique, conceptuelle et cognitive qui les entoure, et dont nous ferons état. À cet effet, nous proposons d’abord de définir les instruments comme autant de chaînes de causalité mettant en interaction des acteurs, des actions, des opérateurs logiques et des vecteurs d’impact. Autour d’un langage algorithmique ad hoc, nous développons ensuite trois leviers de (rétro‑)conception afin de rendre compte de la nature protéiforme et fractale des instruments, en prenant l’exemple de l’instrument « taxe ». Enfin, nous exposons succinctement les applications pratiques de cette approche algorithmique, en matière d’évaluation de la mise en œuvre d’un instrument et en matière d’innovation.

Given the rationalisation of public action, and the required transparency of political decisions, Impact Assessment has become more crucial than ever. Meanwhile, regulation relies on public policy instruments that are increasingly diverse, intricated and complex : alongside standard instruments such as obligation, prohibition, sensitization or tax, numerous new instruments are defining interactions between an increasing number of actors, according to multiple influence variables and within diverse scales. Therefore, it has become most important to better describe, and more explicitely, the outline of public policy instruments, and to remove the semantic, conceptual and cognitive confusions about them. For this purpose, we will first define instruments as causal chains made of the interactions between some actors, actions, logical operators and impact vectors. Through an ad hoc algorithmic language, we will then develop three (retro-)design paths in order to account for the diverse and fractal nature of instruments. The “taxe” will be taken as an example. Eventually, we will lay out the practical applications of this algorithmic approach, in terms of instruments’ evaluation and innovation.

Keywords

collective action, instruments de politique publique, chaîne de causalité, action collective, design, langage algorithmique, public policy instrument, rétro-conception, instruments, algorithmic language, retro-design, conception, causal chain, réseaux d’instruments

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold