Leiomyomas of uterus (MM) are the most common benign tumors of the female reproductive tract. Today, there is an increase in the incidence of this pathology in patients of early reproductive age. The influence of the endometrial microbiota on the development and progression of MM is possible. The aim of the research is to analyze and summarize the available literature data on the microbiota of various uterine loci in MM and its possible impact on the development of this pathology. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, a search was carried out for literary sources in domestic and international databases E-library, Cyberleninka, PubMed, MedLine for the period 2018-2025. Results. The article presents data on the microbiota of the endometrium and other uterine loci, both normal and with MM. It has been shown that in addition to the direct influence of the microorganisms themselves, the molecules produced by their various species from the dysbiotic microbiota are also involved in the dysregulation of various signaling pathways of the body involved in the formation and growth of myomatous nodes (MU). Further study of the uterine microbiota is necessary for a deeper understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of this tumor process. Regulation of the uterine normobiota can contribute to improving the pathogenetic principles of MM prevention and treatment.