
Les différentes structures longilignes qu'utilise l'industrie des hydrocarbures sont, dans la plupart des cas, soumises à un système de protection cathodique par anodes sacrificielles ou par courant imposé. La conception de ces systèmes doit être basée sur l'étude de la variation du potentiel et de l'intensité le long de la structure causée par la chute ohmique. La méthode classique de calcul résoud couramment le cas des structures longilignes à diamètre constant traversant un terrain dont la résistivité est considérée comme constante sur toute la longueur. Dans le cas où la constitution de la structure varie, comme celui des casings de puits de forage, ou quand celle-ci traverse plusieurs types de terrain, le problème se complique. Nous proposons une méthode générale permettant de traiter rapidement tout problème de ce type, le nombre de tronçons n'étant pas limité. Cette méthode fait appel à des notions de facteur de réflexion et de résistance équivalente déjà exposées dans la littérature mais dont l'usage ne semble pas s'être répandu. The different elongate structures used by the hydrocarbon industry are, in most cases, subjected ta a cathodic protection system consisting of sacrificial anodes or an impressed current. Desings of such systems must be boséd on an analysis of variations in the potential and intensity along the structure as the result of the ohm drop. The conventional computing method commonly solves cases of elongote structures with a constant diameter, running through ground whose resistivity is considéred to be constant over the entire length. When the~nake-up of the structure varies, as is the case for borehole casings, or when it goes through several types of formations, the problem gets more complicated. We propose a general method for quickly dealing with any problem of this type, with no limit ta the number of lengths involved. This method makes use of reflection factor and equivalent resistance concepts such as have already been described in the littérature but do not appear ta have gained widespread application.
Chemical technology, HD9502-9502.5, TP1-1185, Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel trade
Chemical technology, HD9502-9502.5, TP1-1185, Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel trade
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