
Debido a que el rayo láser enfocado es un modo de energía calorífico de alta densidad y de diámetro pequeño, se logra con ello unaalta relación profundidad / ancho del cordón de soldadura, y se facilita el proceso de soldadura de láminas muy delgadas, lo cualdifícilmente se logra con los procesos comunes de soldadura. Esta técnica también presenta la ventaja de que fácilmente se puedeautomatizar, produciendo soldaduras de alta precisión con baja contaminación.El trabajo consiste en realizar una investigación sobre el proceso de soldadura de láminas delgadas utilizando un láser de CO2 de bajapotencia en modo continuo, enfocando el láser con una lente de ZnSe y empleando argón industrial para controlar la atmósferaalrededor de la región tratada y evitar la oxidación. Para realizar el proceso, se diseño un dispositivo para' desplazar la muestra a 45ocon respecto a la trayectoria del rayo láser en forma precisa; la soldadura se realizó a tope y sin aporte de material.El trabajo se realizó sobre láminas de acero de bajo carbón de calibre 24 y 26. Las muestras soldadas fueron sometidas a: ensayo detracción, análisis visual, análisis metalográfico y pruebas de microdureza. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que se puede realizarfácilmente el proceso, mediante el control de las variables más importantes, de tal manera que una vez establecidas, el operador nonecesita una gran experiencia en el manejo de esta técnica para realizar el proceso con alta calidad. Los análisis realizados confirmanque mediante esta técnica es posible obtener cordones de soldadura uniformes, con buenas propiedades mecánicas.Palabras claves: Soldadura, láser._______________________________________________________________________________AbstractBecause the ray focused laser is a heating energy way of high density and of small diameter, it is achieved with it a high relationshipdepth / wide of the welding cord, and the process of welding of very thin sheets is facilitated, that which difficultly is achieved withthe processes common of welding. This technique also presents the advantage that easily you can automate, producing weldings ofhigh precision with low contamination.The study consists on carrying out an investigation on the process of welding of thin sheets using a laser of CO2 of low power incontinuous way, focusing the laser with a lens of ZnSe and using industrial argon to control the atmosphere around the treated regionand to avoid the oxidation. To carry out the process, you design a device for ' to displace the sample at 45o with regard to thetrajectory of the ray laser in precise form; the welding was carried out to it collides and without material contribution.The work was carried out on sheets of steel of low coal of caliber 24 and 26. The welded samples were subjected to: tractionrehearsal, visual analysis, analysis metalográfico and microdureza tests. The obtained results show that it can be carried out theprocess easily, by means of the control of the most important variables, in such a way that once established, the operator doesn't needa great experience in the handling of this technique to carry out the process with high quality. The carried out analyses confirm thatby means of this technique it is possible to obtain uniform welding cords, with good mechanical properties.Key words: Welding, laser.
TJ1-1570, Mechanical engineering and machinery
TJ1-1570, Mechanical engineering and machinery
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