Objective With the advancement of industrial technologies, oil and gas pipeline systems have progressively enhanced their automation levels, moving towards unmanned and intelligent systems. These developments showcase improvements in specific areas, including one-key start/stop functionality for key equipment, one-key pipeline startup, optical fiber vibration sensing for warnings, unmanned station construction, and a substantial accumulation of technical accomplishments and experience. These pioneering techniques have been trialed and applied in real-world engineering scenarios, such as the China-Russia East-route Natural Gas Pipeline. However, the continued evolution of intelligent pipeline networks encounters challenges, as evidenced by various key technologies and management philosophies requiring ongoing systematic enhancements and breakthroughs. Methods Through an analysis delving into the developmental trajectory, future demands, and trends in pipeline technologies, this paper introduces the definition, and key logical criteria, as well as the construction and operation methodology of intelligent pipeline networks. It pinpoints key challenges like construction requirements and operational modes of intelligent pipeline systems. The paper embraces significant theoretical and practical aspects in the evolution of intelligent pipelines and aligns with international advancements and practices, with the aim of establishing theoretical and practical systems. Results This paper introduces the three developmental stages of intelligent pipeline networks along with their distinct characteristics, logical architectures encompassing various elements, and system architectures in five dimensions of the construction and operation of intelligentpipeline networks, namely fundamental theories, new forms, as well as technological, industrial, and organizational innovations. Discussions further extend to construction objectives and various research areas, outlining segments like the operation of intelligent controls, physical assurances for intelligent functions, intelligent emergency response and protection, and IT support for intelligent systems, all in conjunction with practical engineering applications. Conclusion The research findings offer guidance on enhancing the industry's understanding of intelligent pipeline networks and current construction endeavors. Future progress toward heightened intelligence, automation, and efficiency in intelligent pipeline network construction requires a systematic approach to research, construction, and operation, paired with a concurrent exploration of fundamental fields and artificial intelligence. Furthermore, an emphasis should be placed on strengthening cybersecurity measures and responses using a worst-case scenario thinking approach, with the aim of consistently meeting the strategic demands of developing intelligent pipeline networks.