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Revista Médica del Uruguay
Article . 2013
Data sources: DOAJ
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Destete en una UCI polivalente

Authors: Ana Graciela França; Alejandro Ebeid; Carlos Formento; Daniel Loza;

Destete en una UCI polivalente

Abstract

Introducción: la desvinculación de la ventilación mecánica (VM) es controversial. Su fracaso genera morbimortalidad. Objetivos: determinar incidencia de destete, factores de riesgo de fracaso: necesidad de reintubación antes de 48 horas posextubación, valoración de índices predictivos. Material y método: estudio prospectivo. Cohorte abierta, adultos destetados de VM por 24 horas o más, período mayo de 2010 a junio de 2011. Excluidos: traqueostomizados. Evaluados diariamente con parámetros clínico-gasométricos para prueba de ventilación espontánea, medición previa: presión inspiratoria máxima (Pimax), presión-oclusión en primeros 100 milisegundos de inicio de inspiración (P0.1), cociente P0.1/ Pimax. Previo a extubar: medida del índice de Yang-Tobin (frecuencia respiratoria/volumen corriente en litros). Resultados: 78 pacientes, 58,7 años ± 21,4 (edad media ± 1 desvío estándar), 59% hombres; 61,5%, destete simple en tubo T. Fracaso de destete: 12,8%. Fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (FEVI) < 45% determinó riesgo relativo de destete dificultoso o prolongado = 3,08, intervalo de confianza (IC) 95%, 1,72-5,51 (p = 0,0001) y fue el único factor de riesgo independiente de fracaso (regresión logística), Odds Ratio = 6,01, IC 95%, 1,40-25,72, (p=0,01). Fueron estadísticamente significativas las diferencias en grupos éxito y fracaso de: balance hídrico en últimas 24 horas, p = 0,002; Pimax, p = 0,006; P0.1, p = 0,04; P0.1/Pimax, p = 0,0001; índice Yang-Tobin, p = 0,03. Mortalidad 30% en fracaso y 4,4% en éxito, p = 0,03. Áreas bajo la curva ROC ("receiver operating characteristic") de significación estadística para Pimax: 0,77, IC 95%, 0,62-0,92; P0.1: 0,70, IC 95%, 0,51-0,90; P0.1/Pimax: 0,85, IC 95%, 0,73-0, 97. Conclusiones: incidencia de destete simple menor a los reportes. Fracaso connota mayor mortalidad. FEVI < 45%: factor de riesgo independiente de fracaso. Índices predictivos P0.1, Pimax, P0.1/Pimax significativos.

Keywords

Medicine (General), desconexión del ventilador, R5-920, R, factores de riesgo, Medicine, incidencia

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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