Experiments aimed at selection of materials and coatings with antifouling properties for Limnoperna fortunei were conducted in southern Brazil, in two localities: next to the main stream of the Jacuí River, municipality of Porto Alegre, RS, and the reservoir of the UHE Ibitinga power plant, on the middle Tietê River, SP. The tested materials were galvanized steel, carbon steel, coppered steel, and ceramic. The coatings used consisted of several paintings without oxides or with oxides in 5% concentrations such as nanometric ZnO, conventional ZnO particles, nanometric Cu2O, conventional Cu2O particles, and the paints commercial R and commercial bacteriostatic. The samples (six replicas each) were submerged in the water column at both places selected for the experiments, from October 2006 to February 2007. The metallic materials, steel coated with copper, galvanized steel, and carbon steel coated with R paint and with bacteriostatic paint, were considered promising in the control of Limnoperna fortunei encrustation. For the ceramic material, the coating with ZnO conventional paint was the one that presented the best results. On materials with and without coatings showing higher densities of encrusted golden mussels, a high incidence of biofilms, corrosion of the metallic material and coating deterioration were observed and considered to be related.