Special operations are the main pattern of recent local wars and future operations. Special operations forces are important new strategic forces around the world to achieve national security goals and implement foreign policy. Military operational medicine focuses on maintaining the physical, intelligent and situational awareness of military personnel, and its ultimate goal is to maintain the physical and mental health of military personnel and enhance the military operational abilities of military personnel. This paper introduces the research status and hotspots of military operational medicine in the field of special operations in recent years, main gaps between our army and foreign troops, and future development trends.