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Anticorpos Anticardiolipina entre Gestantes com Óbito Fetal Anticardiolipin Antibodies among Pregnant Women with Fetal Death

Authors: José Guilherme Cecatti; Márcia Maria Auxiliadora de Aquino; Eloana Maria Tintori; Daniela Angerame Yela; Mary Luci de Souza Queiroz;

Anticorpos Anticardiolipina entre Gestantes com Óbito Fetal Anticardiolipin Antibodies among Pregnant Women with Fetal Death

Abstract

Objetivo: avaliar a prevalência de anticorpos anticardiolipina entre gestantes com óbito fetal intra-uterino. Pacientes e Métodos: foi um estudo de corte transversal que avaliou 109 gestantes hospitalizadas com o diagnóstico de morte fetal intra-uterina e idade gestacional de 20 semanas ou mais, durante o período de maio de 1998 a setembro de 1999, da Maternidade da Universidade Estadual de Campinas e do Hospital Maternidade Leonor Mendes de Barros, em São Paulo. Estas mulheres foram submetidas a exames laboratoriais de rotina para a identificação da causa do óbito, incluindo a determinação sérica do anticorpo anticardiolipina, por meio dos níveis de IgG e IgM. Os resultados de IgG são expressos em unidades GPL e os de IgM em unidades MPL, sendo considerados positivos, nos dois casos, os valores acima de 10 unidades. Os procedimentos estatísticos utilizados foram o cálculo de médias, desvio padrão e comparação dos grupos por testes t de Student, Fisher e chi². Resultados: a prevalência de positividade para o anticorpo anticardiolipina foi de 18,3%. As mulheres eram predominantemente jovens, com média de idade em torno de 27 anos. As principais causas identificadas de morte foram: hipertensão (26,1%), hemorragia durante o terceiro trimestre de gestação (9,9%) e malformação fetal (8,1%). Em cerca de um terço dos casos, a causa da morte fetal não foi identificada. Considerando os 20 casos com positividade para anticorpo anticardiolipina, a proporção de causas não identificadas caiu para 29%. Conclusões: é importante determinar a presença de anticorpos anticardiolipina em mulheres com perdas fetais com o propósito de elucidar outras causas de morte fetal, especialmente a síndrome antifosfolípide e demais situações correlatas. Para estes casos é necessário o aconselhamento e o tratamento destas mulheres em gravidezes futuras.Purpose: to evaluate the prevalence of anticardiolipin antibody in women with stillbirth. Patients and Methods: this was a cross-sectional study performed from May 1998 to September 1999 at the Maternity of the University of Campinas and at the Hospital and Maternity Leonor Mendes de Barros, in Brazil, which evaluated 109 pregnant women hospitalized with the diagnosis of intrauterine fetal death and gestational age of 20 or more weeks. These women underwent some laboratory examinations to identify the cause of fetal death, including anticardiolipin antibody evaluation performed through the determination of IgG and IgM serum levels. IgG and IgM results are expressed as GPL and MPL units, respectively, and, in both cases, results above 10 units are considered positive. The statistical procedures used were the mean and standard deviation estimates, Student's t test, Fisher test and chi². Results: the prevalence of anticardiolipin positivity was 18.3%. The women were predominantly young, with a mean age around 27 years. The main identified causes of fetal death were: hypertension (26.1%), hemorrhage during the third trimester (9.9%) and fetal malformation (8.1%). One third of the cases had no identified causes of fetal death. However, considering the 20 positive cases for anticardiolipin antibody, the proportion of unidentified causes decreased to 29%. Conclusions: it is important to investigate the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies among women with intrauterine fetal death with the purpose of clarifying the causes of stillbirth. If the diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome is confirmed, it is necessary to counsel and treat these women regarding future pregnancies.

Keywords

anticorpo anticardiolipina, óbito fetal, Fetal death, síndrome antifosfolípide, RG1-991, Hipertensão arterial, Gynecology and obstetrics, anticardiolipin antibody, antiphospholipid syndrome

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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