The word «ichthyosis» comes from the Greek root «ichthys», which means «fish», and is manifested by the characteristic peeling of the skin, resembling the scales of a fish. In patients with ichthyosis, the barrier function of the skin is impaired. The skin does not protect against bacterial, chemical and mechanical effects, in addition, there is a violation of the ability of transepidermal water exchange. In infancy, the consequences of this broken barrier can be particularly dangerous, due to increased metabolism, due to increased renewal of the epidermis, heat evaporation and fluid loss.