Purpose of the study – the purpose of the study is to evaluate the role of hemostasis system disorders in the development of cerebral strokes in children basing on the experience of Novosibirsk State Regional Clinical Hospital. Materials and methods. A single-center retrospective non-controlled non-randomized study was conducted. The study included 38 children with ischemic stroke (IS) – 89.5 % and hemorrhagic stroke (HS) – 10.5 %, aged from 2 months to 15 years. All patients underwent neuroimaging, clinical and biochemical blood tests, evaluation of hemostasis parameters and hemostasis system gene polymorphism identification by PCR method. Statistical data was processed using Statistica 6.0 software package (StatSoft, Inc) with nonparametric statistical methods. Results. The ratio of cases of HS and IS varied from 1 : 1 (in the group of children under 1 y.o.) to 1 : 20 (in the group older than 7 years). The main disease/condition that can be considered as the only risk factor for stroke was found in 34.2 % of children. No patients showed disorders that could cause a stroke and determine the nature of its course in the standard hemostasis system tests. In molecular genetic studies, homozygous carriage of the polymorphic variant of the PAI-1 (54.3 %) and FXII (44.5 %) genes was most common. All children with identified prothrombogenic mutations had a combination of at least 2 different polymorphisms. Conclusion. The obtained results are important for the development of optimal care systems for children with stroke from the first clinical symptoms to the rehabilitation stage.