Background: Intestine transplantation is reserved for patients with irreversible intestinal failure due to SGS requiring TPN without possibility of discontinuation. In SGS, the patient’s small intestine is unable to maintain an adequate nutritional status or fluid and electrolyte balance on enteral feeding, resulting in poor growth and development. Due to extensive malabsorption, the intestinal contents proceed to the colon, causing osmotic diarrhea and fermentation of fluids leading to a hypersecretory state. Further refinements and improvements in immunosuppressive protocols, surgical techniques, infection management and prophylaxis, and appropriate patient selection are crucial to maximize outcomes. Conclusion: Intestine transplantation is reserved for patients with irreversible intestinal failure due to short gut syndrome requiring total paranteral nutrition with no possibility of discontinuation and loss of venous access for patient maintenance. In these patients complications of underlying disease and long-term total parenteral nutrition are present.