
Se realizó un estudio observacional y retrospectivo de 28 neonatos con asfixia al nacer en el Hospital General Docente "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, desde enero del 2009 hasta diciembre del 2011, con vistas a describir algunas variables prenatales, natales y posnatales relacionadas con la evolución clínica y supervivencia de ellos. En la serie 23 pacientes egresaron vivos y 5, fallecidos; asimismo, las muertes de los recién nacidos estuvieron mayormente asociadas a la hipertensión arterial en las madres y el nacimiento después de la semana gestacional 42, en tanto el líquido amniótico meconial y las alteraciones de la frecuencia cardíaca fetal, predominantemente la bradicardia, constituyeron los principales factores de riesgo intraparto. Con más frecuencia se observaron la hipotonía y las convulsiones como manifestaciones neurológicas, y el síndrome de aspiración de meconio y la disfunción renal como signos extraneurológicos.A retrospective observational study was carried out in 28 infants with asphyxia at birth in "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" General Teaching Hospital of Santiago de Cuba, from January 2009 to December 2011, in order to describe some prenatal, natal and postnatal variables related to clinical course and their survival. In the series 23 patients discharged alive and 5 died; also, deaths of newborns were mostly associated with hypertension in mothers and birth after 42 weeks, while meconium and alterations of the fetal heart rate, predominantly bradycardia, were the main intrapartum risk factors. Hypotonia and seizures as neurological manifestations were the most frequently observed, and meconium aspiration and renal dysfunction as extraneurological signs.
perinatal factors, Medicine (General), síndrome de aspiración de meconio, meconium aspiration syndrome, secondary health care, neonatal asphyxia, RC31-1245, R5-920, newborn, recién nacido, atención secundaria de salud, asfixia neonatal, factores perinatales, Internal medicine
perinatal factors, Medicine (General), síndrome de aspiración de meconio, meconium aspiration syndrome, secondary health care, neonatal asphyxia, RC31-1245, R5-920, newborn, recién nacido, atención secundaria de salud, asfixia neonatal, factores perinatales, Internal medicine
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