Background: Contemporary scientific cognitions, the brisk societal development and the accelerated process of incorporation into the European professional and political streams have influenced Slovenian terminology referring to population health and health determinants, to actors and relations of the health system. If we were supposed to contribute to the development of effective policies, strategies and systems for health protection and promotion of the Slovenian population professionally, we would have to create a comprehensive and a modern language to enable a precise communication between the government, the health management, the health professionals and the general public in Slovenia and abroad. Many scientific disciplines deal with health, health determinants and health systems, therefore it is necessary to use the transdisciplinary approach to understand and research the topic comprehensively.Conclusions: Since some sharp discussions regarding Slovenian public health system, characterised by a usage of fruitless definitions and a lack of shared basic concepts have occured recently, it is necessary that the public health profession proposes a comprehensive model of definitions in this area, too.