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Evolução do conhecimento científico na enfermagem: do cuidado popular à construção de teorias Evolución del conocimiento científico en la enfermería: del cuidado popular a la construcción de teorías Evolution of scientific knowledge in the nursing field: the popular care of construction of theories

Authors: Vera Lúcia de Oliveira Gomes; Vânia Marli Schubert Backes; Maria Itayra Coelho de Souza Padilha; Marta Regina de Cezar Vaz;

Evolução do conhecimento científico na enfermagem: do cuidado popular à construção de teorias Evolución del conocimiento científico en la enfermería: del cuidado popular a la construcción de teorías Evolution of scientific knowledge in the nursing field: the popular care of construction of theories

Abstract

Objetivo: Relacionar a evolução do conhecimento científico, no campo da Enfermagem, com a própria história da Enfermagem moderna. Material e método: trata-se de uma reflexão teórica efetuada a partir de revisão literária. Resultados: identificaram-se quatro fases significativas caracterizadas como: "a contribuição de Florence Nightingale, o domínio do fazer técnico, o advento dos princípios científicos e a construção das Teorias de Enfermagem". Na primeira, o foco da investigação centrou-se em "o que fazer?"; na segunda, tentando conquistar o domínio técnico, a Enfermagem procurou definir "como fazer?" e, a seguir, investigou "por que fazer?". Atualmente dedicada à pesquisa científica a Enfermagem investiga "qual o seu saber próprio?". Conclusões: evidenciou-se que são inegáveis os avanços da Enfermagem, na busca de sua identidade, permanecendo como desafios a luta pelo reconhecimento da profissão, pela adoção de estratégias que permitam legitimar o conhecimento produzido, pelo emprego de teorias próprias para fundamentar suas pesquisas bem como à conquista de novos e promissores espaços tanto para implementação do processo de cuidar quanto para aplicação e replicação de teorias.Objetivo: Relacionar la evolución del conocimiento científico, en el campo de la Enfermería, con la propia historia de la Enfermería moderna. Metodología: Se trata de una reflexión teórica efectuada a partir de revisión literaria. Resultados: Se identificaron cuatro fases significativas caracterizadas como "la contribución de Florence Nightingale, el dominio del hacer técnico, el advenimiento de los principios científicos y la construcción de las Teorías de la Enfermería". En la primera, el foco de la investigación se centró en el ¿qué hacer?; en la segunda, intentando conquistar el dominio técnico, la Enfermería procuró definir ¿cómo hacer? y, en seguida, investigó ¿por qué hacer?. Actualmente, dedicada a la investigación científica, la Enfermería investiga ¿cuál es su saber propio? Conclusiones: Son innegables los avances de la Enfermería en la búsqueda de su propia identidad, permaneciendo como grandes desafíos la lucha por el reconocimiento de la profesión, mediante la adopción de estrategias que permitan una legitimidad en el conocimiento producido, así como también por el empleo de teorías propias para fundamentar sus investigaciones, y la conquista de nuevos y promisorios espacios, tanto para la implementación en el proceso de cuidar, como para la aplicación y la replicación de las teorías.Objective: to relate the evolution of scientific knowledge of nursing with the proper history of modern nursing. Methodology: it is a question of theoretical reflection achieved by literary revision. Results: four expressive phases were identified and characterized as: "the contribution of Florence Nightingale, the technic dominion, the advent of scientific principles and the construction of Nursing Theories". In the first one, one the focal of the investigation was centralized on "what to do?"; in the second one, trying to investigate scientific principles based-on "why to do it?". At this moment it is dedicated to scientific research nursing investigate "what is your proper knowledge?" Conclusions: Evidently, there are unquestionably, the advance of nursing in the search of its identity, remains as a task in the struggle for acknowledging the profession, with the adoption of strategies that permit to legitimate knowledge produced, with the use of proper theories to found their research, for example, like the conquest of new and interesting spaces, either for the implementation of the process of caring for application and re-application of theories.

Keywords

história da enfermagem, scientific knowledge, historia de Enfermería, conocimiento científico, conhecimento científico, history of nursing, RT1-120, Enfermagem, Enfermería, Nursing

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold