非致残性缺血性脑血管事件（non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular events，NICE）在我国具 有庞大的人群基础。NICE人群包括短暂性脑缺血发作（transient ischemic attack，TIA）、轻型缺血性卒 中、迅速缓解且未遗留残疾的卒中。其中轻型卒中和TIA患者在临床表现、临床预后和流行病学特征等 方面均较为相似，所以建议统一进行诊疗。考虑我国的经济发展水平、人群健康素质及面临的防治 任务，NICE人群是最为重要的防治对象，也是目前脑血管病的最佳防控窗口人群。 Abstract: Non-Disabling Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events (NICE) has a large population base in China. The NICE group includes transient ischemic attack (TIA), minor ischemic stroke (NIHSS ≤3 or 5), rapid remission and unimpaired stroke. Patients with minor stroke and TIA are similar in clinical manifestations, clinical prognosis and epidemiological characteristics, so it is recommended to conduct a unified diagnosis and treatment. In view of Chinese economic development status, public health awareness and current stroke prevention tasks, the NICE people are the most important target objects within the best window of prevention and control of cerebrovascular diseases.