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Кратерное поле Чимгау: свидетельство крупного импактного события в Юго-Восточной Баварии, Германия

Authors: Ernstson, Kord; Mayer, Werner; Neumair, Andreas; Rappenglück, Barbara; Rappenglück, Michael A.; Sudhaus, Dirk; Zeller, Kurt W.;

Кратерное поле Чимгау: свидетельство крупного импактного события в Юго-Восточной Баварии, Германия

Abstract

Кратерное поле Чимгау в Альпийском предгорье обнаружено в начале нового тысячелетия; оно состоит из более чем 80 кратеров, рассеянных в области примерно эллиптической формы с осями около 30 и 60 км. Диаметр кратеров колеблется от нескольких метров до нескольких сот метров. Геологически кратеры образованы в плейстоценовых речных моренных ледниковых отложениях. Кратеры и детально исследованные прилегающие к ним районы демонстрируют признаки сильных ударных деформаций гальки и валунов четвертичного возраста, следы сильного плавления материала пород (расплав породы и различные остекленения), ударно-метаморфических эффектов и геофизических аномалий. Ударные воздействия подтверждаются обильным появлением металлических, остеклененных частиц и углерода, аккреционных лапиллий и странным материалом в форме силицидов железа, таких как gupeiite и xifengite, а также различных сплавов, например moissanite SiC. Крупнейшим образованием в кратером поле является озеро Тютензее с восьмиметровым краевым валом диаметром около 600 м, с глубиной воды около 30 м и обширными отложениями импактных выбросов. Физические и археологические свидетельства позволяют предположить наиболее вероятную датировку события между 1300 и 300 гг. до н.э. Принимая во внимание обширное поле разброса, можно предположить, что импактор был низкой плотности, возможно, рыхлосвязанный астероид или комета, подвергшиеся дефрагментации в процессе падения, учитывая обширное поле разброса.

The Chiemgau strewn field in the Alpine Foreland discovered in the early new millennium comprises more than 80 mostly rimmed craters in a roughly elliptically shaped area with axes of about 60 km and 30 km. The crater diameters range between a few meters and a few hundred meters. Geologically, the craters occur in Pleistocene moraine and fluvio-glacial sediments. The craters and surrounding areas so far investigated in more detail are featuring heavy deformations of the Quaternary cobbles and boulders, abundant fused rock material (impact melt rocks and various glasses), shock-metamorphic effects, and geophysical anomalies. The impact is substantiated by the abundant occurrence of metallic, glass and carbon spherules, accretionary lapilli, and of strange matter in the form of iron silicides like gupeiite and xifengite, and various carbides like, e.g., moissanite SiC. The hitherto established largest crater of the strewn field is Lake Tüttensee exhibiting an 8 m-height rim wall, a rim-to-rim diameter of about 600 m, a depth of roughly 30 m and an extensive ejecta blanket. Physical and archeological dating confine the impact event to have happened most probably between 1300 and 300 B.C. The impactor is suggested to have been a low-density disintegrated, loosely bound asteroid or a disintegrated comet in order to account for the extensive strewn field.

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Keywords

геофизические аномалии, ударно-метаморфические последствия, материал кратера Чимгау, Chiemgau impactor, Сhiemgau crater, geophysical anomalies, кратер Чимгау, Chiemgau material, Чимгау-импактор, shock-metamorphic effects

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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