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Педагогическое действие в образовательном пространстве учебной деятельности младших школьников

Authors: Ostroverkh, Oksana S.;

Педагогическое действие в образовательном пространстве учебной деятельности младших школьников

Abstract

В данной статье определяется индивидуальное учебное действие младшего школьника как действие инициативное, самостоятельное и ответственное. Необходимым условием формирования учебной самостоятельности является особое педагогическое действие, когда предметом работы учителя становится удержание функционального различия между двумя частями учебного действия - ориентировкой и исполнением. Учитель особым образом строит поляризованное образовательное пространство и наблюдает за тем, как ребенок организует подготовительную часть своего действия, инициативен ли он в обращении к знаковым средствам, обращается ли в ситуации затруднения к учителю, сверстникам, как принимает решение при переходе от подготовки к реализации. В статье подробно описаны существенные характеристики педагогического действия - открытость и адресность. Адресность педагогического действия понимается в аспекте разных сторон индивидуального учебного действия, представленного как различение ориентировки и реализации. Подробно рассматривается пример открытого педагогического действия при организации учебной работы детей по конструированию знаковых средств («помощников»).

In this paper we characterise the individual learning action of primary school children as proactive, independent and responsible. A necessary condition to form academic self-sufficiency is a special pedagogical action, when retention of the functional difference between the two parts of learning action that is between orientation and performance becomes the subject of teachers work. A teacher develops a polarised education space in such a way as to watch how children organise preparatory part of their action, whether the children are active in using notational systems and address the teacher or peers facing difficulties, how they make decisions switching from preparation to implementation. The paper details the essential characteristics of the teaching action which are the openness and targeting. Targeting of the pedagogical action is understood in different aspects of individual learning activities presented as a difference between orientation and implementation. The example of the open teaching action in organising academic work of the children on designing notation (helpers) is considered in detail.

Keywords

pedagogical action, учебная самостоятельность, ответственность, индивидуальное учебное действие, знаковое средство, academic selfsufficiency, инициатива, notation, развивающее обучение, образовательное пространство учебной деятельности, individual learning action, developmental education, педагогическое действие, responsibility, educational space of learning activities, initiative

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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