The present study results from the observation of the experience of elderly patients that were submitted to hemodialysis treatment, trying to find out their new learning during the period of treatment. The interviews were conducted with 08 elderly patients who took the treatment in a private hospital in the city of Teresina-PI. The results showed us that their changes of habits in daily routine may become a challenge for them. At the same time, those elderly patients acquired new knowledge resulting a new vision of the world.