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Estudios de migración de acaricidas desde la cera estampada a la miel

Authors: Imaz Sánchez, Edgar;

Estudios de migración de acaricidas desde la cera estampada a la miel

Abstract

La utilización de cera estampada favorece el trabajo de las abejas a la hora de construir los panales, ahora bien, hay una constancia generalizada de que en la mayoría de los casos esas láminas de cera llevan unas cantidades preocupantes de residuos de xenobióticos y en particular de los compuestos empleados contra Varroa, es por ello que se hace necesario controlar la calidad de las láminas que se introducen en la colmena. Actualmente hay algunos fabricantes que suministran láminas descontaminadas mientras que también en el comercio se siguen encontrando láminas con residuos. Además de los problemas que pueden originar en las abejas existe el problema añadido de que pueden migrar a la miel contaminándola y creando un problema de seguridad alimentaria. Con este trabajo se ha iniciado un estudio acerca de la posible migración de acaricidas desde la cera estampada a la miel, para ello se ha seleccionado el cumafos por ser uno de los acaricidas encontrados en mayores cantidades y con mucha frecuencia en las láminas actualmente en el mercado. Se ha diseñado una experimentación consistente en poner en contacto cera descontaminada y cera contaminada con miel con agitación y temperatura constante y examinando a lo largo del tiempo los residuos presentes en ambas matrices. Los análisis se han efectuado por cromatografía de gases con detección por espectrometría de masas. El aislamiento de los compuestos ha implicado el empleo de extracciones líquidolíquido y el empleo de sorbentes especiales para eliminar los lípidos presentes en la cera que provocan unos efectos de matriz notables. Se comprueba que la transferencia existe sobre todo cuando se utilizan láminas con contenidos elevados del acaricida.

The use of laminated wax sheets favors the work of the bees when constructing the combs, however there is a generalized evidence that in most cases these sheets of wax carry worrying amounts of xenobiotic residues and in particular of the compounds used against Varroa, which is why it is necessary to control the quality of the sheets that are introduced into the hive. Currently, there are some manufacturers that supply decontaminated films, while films with residues are still found in commerce. In addition to the problems that can originate in bees, there is the added problem that they can migrate to the honey, contaminating it and creating a food safety problem. With this work, a study has been started on the possible migration of miticides from laminated wax to honey, for this; coumaphos has been selected because it is one of the compounds found in greater quantities and with much frequency in the sheets currently in the market. An experiment has been designed consisting of putting decontaminated wax and wax contaminated with honey in contact, with stirring and constant temperature and examining the residues present in both matrices over time. The analysis was carried out by gas chromatography with detection by mass spectrometry. The isolation of the compounds has involved the use of liquid-liquid extractions and the use of special sorbents to eliminate the lipids present in the wax that cause remarkable matrix effects. It is found that the transfer exists especially when using sheets with high contents of the acaricide.

Máster en Técnicas Avanzadas en Química. Análisis y Control de Calidad Químicos

Departamento de Química Analítica

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

Acaricidas, Miel, Cera

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green