
La contabilidad de coberturas es actualmente una área completamente desconocida para la mayoría de empresas que operan en nuestro país, ya que tan solo es aplicada por grandes empresas y entidades financieras debido a su elevada complejidad y a los costes que supone su aplicación. En el presente trabajo trato de mostrar de manera sencilla el funcionamiento de los tres tipos de coberturas establecidos por las normas internacionales, así como los beneficios de su aplicación. Por otro lado también analizaré las diferentes partes que las componen, ya que a menudo dichos elementos son unidades complejas en sí mismas, lo que sin duda contribuye al desconocimiento generalizado que existe sobre este área de la contabilidad. Más allá de la dificultad que entraña para las empresas su aplicación, uno de los factores que determinan su escaso desarrollo en España es la composición del tejido empresarial del país. Como veremos, la gran mayoría de empresas españolas son pymes o micro pymes, las cuales habitualmente no manejan instrumentos financieros, por lo que la contabilidad de coberturas no se puede aplicar.
Hedge Accounting is currently an unknown field of expertise for the majority of the active companies in our country. It is, indeed, only applied by big corporations and financial entities due to its high complexity and the costs its application carries. The main goal of this project is to show how the three types of hedges established by the international rules work -- as well as its application benefits. On the other hand, I will be also analyzing the different parts that compose them because these elements are complex units at the same time, which -- no doubt -- contributes to the generalized lack of knowledge that exists in this area of accounting. Beyond the difficulty its application causes to enterprises; one of the factors that determine its low development in Spain is the nation’s composition of the business fabric. As we will be seeing, the majority of the Spanish companies are SMEs and Micro SMEs, which barely possess financial instruments; and, as a consequence, Hedge Accounting cannot be applied.
Departamento de Economía Financiera y Contabilidad
Máster en Contabilidad y Gestión Financiera
Hedging instrument, Exchange rate, Hedge accounting, Elemento cubierto, Tipo de cambio, Empresas, Contabilidad de coberturas, Flujos de efectivo, Covered item, 5312.06 Finanzas y Seguros, Contabilidad, Instrumentos derivados, Valor razonable, 5302 Econometría, Fair value, Mercado financiero, Estados financieros, Cash flows, Instrumentos de cobertura, Companies, Derivatives
Hedging instrument, Exchange rate, Hedge accounting, Elemento cubierto, Tipo de cambio, Empresas, Contabilidad de coberturas, Flujos de efectivo, Covered item, 5312.06 Finanzas y Seguros, Contabilidad, Instrumentos derivados, Valor razonable, 5302 Econometría, Fair value, Mercado financiero, Estados financieros, Cash flows, Instrumentos de cobertura, Companies, Derivatives
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