
Introduction: The development of antipsychotics meant a revolution for the schizophrenia treatment. Nowadays there are plenty of formulas and variations of these drugs, with differences in efficiency, tolerability and cost. Objectives: Identifies the average cost of the antipsychotic monotherapy patients in the Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias (CHUC), compares the average cost of atypical oral antipsychotics (AOA) versus the injectable paliperidone palmitate (IPP) and analyzes the cost differences, the total hospital stay days and the readmission rates between them. Material and Methods: Retrospective observation of cost and hospitalization time of the diagnosed patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder in antipsychotic monotherapy between 2015 and 2018 at the CHUC. Analysis of the difference of cost and total hospitalization days through the Mann-Whitney's U test. Results: 60 patients were included in the study, of which 83,3% (n = 50) follow an AOA treatment and 16,7% (n = 10) an IPP treatment. The median of the hospitalization days of the AOA patients is 22 (14,24 - 29) and 13,5 (8,25 - 19,75) for the IPP patients. Furthermore, the readmission rate of the AAO patients is of 22% and of 0% for the IPP patients. The cost median for AOA patients is 15.743,09€ (10.945,40€ - 22.300,33€) and 21.579,37€ (14.084,70€ - 38.991,16€) for the IPP patients. No significant differences are found between the total costs of the AOA and IPP (p = 0,122) or the total days of hospitalization (p = 0,066). Conclusion: Although there are no significant differences between AOA and IPP in cost and in days of hospitalization, our data suggest more long-term cost-effectiveness in favor of the IPP. A higher rate of readmissions is related to a higher indirect cost to the patient, so treatments with a lower number of relapses should be favoured.
Introducción: El desarrollo de los antipsicóticos supuso una revolución en el tratamiento de la esquizofrenia. Actualmente existen diversas fórmulas y presentaciones de estos fármacos, con diferencias en eficacia, tolerabilidad y coste. Objetivos: Hallar el coste medio de los pacientes en monoterapia antipsicótica del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias (CHUC), comparar el coste medio de los antipsicóticos atípicos orales (AAO) frente al palmitato de paliperidona inyectable (PPI) y analizar diferencias de coste, días totales de ingreso y tasa de reingreso entre ellos. Material y Métodos: Observación retrospectiva de coste y tiempo de ingreso de los pacientes diagnosticados de esquizofrenia y trastorno esquizoafectivo del CHUC en monoterapia antipsicótica entre los años 2015 y 2018. Análisis de diferencia de costes y días totales de ingreso mediante la prueba U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: 60 pacientes fueron incluidos en el estudio, de los cuales el 83,3% (n = 50) sigue un tratamiento con AAO y el 16,7% (n = 10) con PPI. La mediana de días de ingreso de los AAO es de 22 (14,25 - 29) y de 13,5 (8,25 - 19,75) para el PPI, con una tasa de reingreso del 22% para los AAO y del 0% para el PPI. La mediana de coste por paciente de los AAO es de 15.743,09€ (10.945,40€ - 22.300,33€) y de 21.579,37€ (14.084,70€ - 38.991,16€) para el PPI. No se encuentran diferencias significativas entre costes totales de AAO y PPI (p = 0,122) ni entre días totales de ingreso (p = 0,066). Conclusión: Pese a que no existen diferencias significativas entre los AAO y el PPI en coste y en días de ingreso, nuestros datos sugieren una mayor costo-efectividad a largo plazo del PPI. Una mayor tasa de reingresos se relaciona con un mayor coste indirecto del paciente, por lo que deben favorecerse los tratamientos con menor número de recaídas.
Paliperidona inyectable, Esquizofrenia, Antipsicóticos, Coste
Paliperidona inyectable, Esquizofrenia, Antipsicóticos, Coste
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