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Performance enhancement of RGB image convolution using convolution kernel clustering algorithm for ARM64 processor architecture

Performance enhancement of RGB image convolution using convolution kernel clustering algorithm for ARM64 processor architecture

Abstract

The paper presents a method for improving the performance of RGB image convolution operation on the ARM64 platform using a convolution kernel element clustering algorithm. The proposed approach is based on vectorization of computations using NEON64 SIMD instructions and grouping of non-zero kernel elements with the same sign for efficient skipping of operations with zero elements. A mathematical model of vectorized convolution operation has been developed, which takes into account the specifics of sparse convolution kernel matrices. Experimental study on the Orange Pi 5 Pro platform demonstrated significant acceleration compared to the cv::filter2D() function of the OpenCV library: for medium-sized kernels (7×7 – 11×11), an acceleration of 5.0–9.7 times was achieved, for large kernels (12×12 – 15×15) – 1.7–5.5 times. The proposed method is particularly effective for processing high-resolution images and can be applied in real-time systems on single-board computers with limited computational resources. У статті представлено метод підвищення швидкодії операції згортки RGB-зображень на платформі ARM64 з використанням алгоритму кластеризації елементів ядер згортки. Запропонований підхід базується на векторизації обчислень з використанням SIMD-інструкцій NEON64 та групуванні ненульових елементів ядра згортки однакового знаку для ефективного пропуску операцій з нульовими елементами. Розроблено математичну модель векторизованої операції згортки, яка враховує специфіку розріджених матриць ядер згортки. Експериментальне дослідження на платформі Orange Pi 5 Pro продемонструвало значне прискорення порівняно з функцією cv::filter2D() бібліотеки OpenCV: для ядер середнього розміру (7×7 – 11×11) досягнуто прискорення в 5,0–9,7 разів, для великих ядер (12×12 – 15×15) – в 1,7–5,5 разів. Запропонований метод особливо ефективний для обробки зображень високої роздільної здатності та може бути застосований у системах реального часу на одноплатних комп'ютерах з обмеженими обчислювальними ресурсами.

Keywords

convolution operation, convolution kernel clustering, sparse matrices, кластеризація ядер згортки, векторизація, SIMD optimization, digital image processing, RGB-зображення, SIMD-оптимізація, цифрова обробка зображень, операція згортки, vectorization, розріджені матриці, RGB images, ARM64, OpenCV, NEON64

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
bronze