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ВЫДЕЛЕНИЕ И ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ПЕКТИНА ИЗ НЕТРАДИЦИОННОГО ПРИРОДНОГО СЫРЬЯ

ВЫДЕЛЕНИЕ И ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ПЕКТИНА ИЗ НЕТРАДИЦИОННОГО ПРИРОДНОГО СЫРЬЯ

Abstract

Получение, исследование функциональных свойств и определение последующего назначения в практическом применении пектиновых веществ требует проведения тщательного изучения физико-химических характеристик полисахарида. В результате кислотного гидролиза выделены пектиновые полисахариды из нетрадиционного сырья природного происхождения – базидиальных трутовых грибов: трутовик настояший Fomes fomentarius, лакированый Ganoderma lucidum, щетинистоволосый Inonotus hispidus, чешуйчатый Polýporus squamosus. Полученные продукты охарактеризованы: содержанием свободных и этерифицированных карбоксильных групп, общим количеством -СООН, -ОСН3, степенью этерификации, а также данными ИК-спектроскопии. Полученные нами пектиновые вещества, выделенные в одинаковых условиях из базидиальных грибов, по внешним данным представляют собой порошки от светло-желтого до светло-коринового цвета, обладают слабокислым вкусом, не имеют постороннего привкуса и запаха. Пектин из трутовика Inonotus hispidus заметно светлее пектинов, выделенных из других источников (Fomes fomentarius, Ganoderma lucidum, Polýporus squamosus). По органолептическим свойствам он не уступает яблочному пектину. По степени этерификации их можно отнести к средноэтерифицированным пектинам. Значения степени этерификации изученных пектинов находится в пределах 50.00–66.67%, а содержание метоксильных групп – 8.47–11.43%. Содержание свободных карбоксильных групп составляет 2.25–5.40%.

Obtaining and studying the functional properties and determining the subsequent purpose in the practical use of pectin substances requires a thorough study of physical and chemical characteristics of the polysaccharide. By using the acidic hydrolysis method, pectic polysaccharides were isolated from nonconventional raw materials of natural origins - basidial fungus mushrooms Fomes fomentarius, Ganoderma lucidum, Inonotus hispidus, Polýporus squamosus. The polysaccharides isolated were characterized: such as content of free and etherifying carboxyl groups, total -СООН groups, -ОСН3 groups, degree of etherification and by data of the IR-spectroscopy. The pectic polysaccharides isolated in identical conditions from the basidial mushrooms were powders with colors from light yellow to is light-brown by the appearance, possess sub-acidic taste, have no extraneous smack and a smell. The pectin from Inonotus hispidus was much lighter than other pectins (Fomes fomentarius, Ganoderma lucidum, Polýporus squamosus). The pectin’s isolated were similar to the apple pectin by the organoleptic properties. They can classified as averagely etherified pectins regarding the degree etherification. Etherification degree of the studied pectins was in the range of 50.00–66.67%. The methoxyl groups were ranged between 8.47–11.43%. Content of free carboxylic groups in the range of 2.25–5.40%.

Keywords

базидиальные грибы, физико-химические характеристики, pectic polysaccharides, пектиновые вещества, physicochemical characteristics, basidiomycetes, выделение, isolation

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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