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ПЕРОКСИДНАЯ ЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗА ИЗ СТЕБЛЕЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ И КОНОПЛИ

ПЕРОКСИДНАЯ ЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗА ИЗ СТЕБЛЕЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ И КОНОПЛИ

Abstract

The wheat steams (Triticum sh.), hemp and shive from the technical cannabis (Cannabis sativa), wood of Siberia fir (Abies sibirica) was processed with the sodium hydrate (concentration NaOH 1 g-mol/dm3, liquid module 6, temperature 93 °C, length 2 hours), washed with water and delignificated by the “hydrogen peroxide – sulfuric acid – water” solution (initial concentration of the acetic acid 6 g-mol/dm3, hydrogen peroxide – also 6 g-mol/dm3 , sulfuric acid – 1.5% (mass.), liquid module 6, temperature of the isothermal process 93 °C, length 210 minutes). Simultaneously the same vegetable raw material was delignificated without alkaline preprocessing and without sulfuric acid catalyst at the cooking. The purpose of the study – estimation of the influence named factors on output and characteristic of the cellulose. Mathematical processing is performed with the methods of the cluster and dispersing analysis. Alkaline preprocessing has brought to reduction of the output and degree polymerization and to increase the iodine number only to celluloses from wheat straw. The additive catalytic amount of the sulfuric acid to cooking solution brought to the reduction of the output and degree polymerization and to increase the iodine number of the cellulose from all type used one-year vegetable raw. Under approaching choice technological cooking conditions it is possible reception of the product with the characteristics microcrystalline celluloses (the degree polymerization not above 300, iodine number not less 10 mg/g) with one-stage peroxide cooking without alkaline preprocessing and catalyst.

Стебли пшеницы (Triticum sh.), пеньку и костру из стеблей технической конопли (Cannabis sativa), древесину пихты (Abies sibirica) обрабатывали водным раствором гидроксида натрия (концентрация NaOH – 1 г-моль/дм3, гидромодуль – 6, температура – 93 °С, продолжительность – 2 ч), промывали водой и делигнифицировали раствором «уксусная кислота – пероксид водорода – серная кислота – вода» (начальная концентрация уксусной кислоты 6 г-моль/дм3, пероксида водорода – также 6 г-моль/дм3, серной кислоты – 1.5%; жидкостный модуль – 6; температура изотермической обработки – 93 °С, продолжительность – 210 мин). Одновременно делигнифицировали то же растительное сырье без щелочной предварительной обработки и без сернокислотного катализатора при варке. Цель исследования – оценка влияния названных факторов на выход и свойства целлюлозы. Математическая обработка выполнена методами кластерного и дисперсионного анализов. Щелочная предобработка привела к снижению выхода и степени полимеризации и к увеличению йодного числа только целлюлозы из пшеничной соломы. Добавка каталитического количества серной кислоты к варочному раствору приводила к снижению выхода и степени полимеризации и к увеличению йодного числа целлюлозы из всех видов использованного однолетнего растительного сырья. При подходящем выборе технологических режимов варки возможно получение продукта с характеристиками микрокристаллической целлюлозы (степень полимеризации – не выше 300, йодное число – не менее 10 мг/г) одноступенчатой пероксидной варкой без щелочной предобработки и катализатора.

Keywords

cannabis, делигнификация, delignification, wheat straw, костра, пенька, iodine number, shive, hydrogen peroxide, конопля, hemp, cellulose, йодное число, peracetic acid, перуксусная кислота, целлюлоза, пероксид водорода, пшеничная солома

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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