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СРАВНЕНИЕ СОСТАВОВ ЭКСТРАКТОВ ЛИСТЬЕВ LAURUS NOBILIS, ПОЛУЧЕННЫХ МЕТОДАМИ СВЧ-ЭКСТРАКЦИИ, СВЕРХКРИТИЧЕСКОЙ ФЛЮИДНОЙ ЭКСТРАКЦИИ И ПАРОДИСТИЛЛЯЦИИ

СРАВНЕНИЕ СОСТАВОВ ЭКСТРАКТОВ ЛИСТЬЕВ LAURUS NOBILIS, ПОЛУЧЕННЫХ МЕТОДАМИ СВЧ-ЭКСТРАКЦИИ, СВЕРХКРИТИЧЕСКОЙ ФЛЮИДНОЙ ЭКСТРАКЦИИ И ПАРОДИСТИЛЛЯЦИИ

Abstract

Проведено сравнение составов экстрактов листьев лавра благородного, полученных методами СВЧ-экстракции, сверхкритической флюидной экстракции и пародистилляции. Показано, что методы СВЧ-экстракции и пародистилляции дают схожие по составу эфирные масла лавра. СВЧ-экстракт содержит большее число монотерпеновых компонентов, в том числе углеводородов. Пародистилляционное масло содержит большее число сесквитерпеновых компонентов, прежде всего кислородсодержащих. Состав СКФ-экстрактов весьма существенно отличается от масел, получаемых двумя другими методами. Согласно данным газохроматографического анализа, они содержат гораздо больше сесквитерпеновых компонентов, прежде всего сесквитерпеновых лактонов. Это делает СКФ-экстракцию перспективным методом выделения ценных биологически активных веществ из листьев лавра. Однако помимо ценных компонентов СКФ-экстракты также содержат значительное количество восков, а кроме того, большое количество нелетучих веществ, не детектируемых в газохроматографическом анализе. Для практического применения метода СФЭ в переработке лавра необходимо разработать способы фракционирования СКФ-экстрактов с выделением фракций, обогащенных по сесквитерпеновым лактонам.

A comparison of chemical composition of bay laurel extracts obtained by microwave extraction, supercritical fluid extraction and steam distillation was performed. Microwave extraction and steam distillation were shown to give similar essential oils. Microwave extract contains more monoterpenoid components, especially hydrocarbons. Steam distillation oil contains more sesquiterpenoid compounds, mostly oxygenated. SFE extract composition differs substantially from the ones obtained by two other methods. According to GC-MS data they contain much more sesquiterpenoid components, namely sesquiterpene lactones. This makes SFE a perspective candidate for isolation of biologically active compounds from laurel leaves. However, apart from valuable compound SFE extracts also contain substantial amounts of waxes as well as large quantities of some non-volatile component undetectable via GC-MS. In order to implement SFE into the practice of laurel processing one has to develop an approach for the fractionation of SFE extracts allowing isolating sesquiterpene lactone enriched fraction.

Keywords

газовая хроматография, сверхкритическая флюидная экстракция, gas chromatography, microwave extraction, steam distillation, mass-spectrometry, масс-спектрометрия, сесквитерпеновые лактоны, СВЧ-экстракция, пародистилляция, sesquiterpene lactones, supercritical fluid extraction, bay laurel, лавр благородный

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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